IEEE 754-2019 pdf free

IEEE 754-2019 pdf free.IEEE Standard for Floating-Point Arithmetic.
IEEE 754 specifies floating point arithmetic in two radices, 2 and 10. A programming environment may confomm to this standard in one radix or in both.
This standard does not define all aspects of a conforming programming environment. Such behavior should be defined by a programming language definition supporting this standard, if available, and otherwise by a particular implementation. Some programming language specifications might permit some behaviors to be defined by the implementation.
Language-defined behavior should be defined by a programming language standard supporting this standard. Then all implementations conforming both to this floating-point standard and to that language standard behave identically with respect to such language defined behaviors. Standards for languages intended to reproduce results exactly on all platforms are expected to specify behavior more tightly than do standards for languages intended to maximize performance on every platform.
Because this standard requires facilities that are not currently available in common programming languages, the standards for such languages might not be able to fully conform to this standard if they are no longer being revised. If the language can be extended by a function library or class or package to provide a conforming environment, then that extension should define all the language defined behaviors that would normally be defined by a language standard.
Implementation-defined behavior is defined by a specific implementation of a specific programming environment con forming to this standard. Implementations define behaviors not specified by this standard nor by any relevant programming language standard or programming language extension.
Conformance to this standard is a property of a specific implementation of a specific programming environment, rather than of a language specification.
However a language standard could also be said to conform to this standard if it were constructed so that every conforming implementation of that language also conformed automatically to this standard.
In this standard three words are used to differentiate between different levels of requirements and optionality, as follows:
may indicates a course of action pemissible within the limits of the standard with no implied
preference (“may” means “is permitted to”) shall indicates mandatory requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to the standard and from which no deviation is permitted (“shal” means “is required to”)
should indicates that among several possibilities, one is recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others; or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required; or that (in the negative form) a certain course of action is deprecated but not prohibited (“should” means “is recommended to”).
Further: might indicates the possibility of a situation that could occur, with no implication of the likelihood of that situation (“might” means“could possibly”)
see followed by a number is a cross-reference to the clause or subclause of this standard identified by that number.
NOTE introduces text that is informative (that is, is not a requirement of this standard).IEEE 754 pdf download.